Sugar Industry has been for centuries Cuban agro-industrial production's badge, and main line of the nation's economy. The total land surface in Cuba involved in sugar cane cultivation represents roughly 50 % of total nation-wide area devoted to agriculture.

The Ministry of Sugar Industry was founded in 1964. This sector, after having experienced a declining trend during the period 1991-1998, saw an increase in industrial efficiency afterwards, having reduced in 22% the cost of raw sugar produced tonne.

One of the scientific research's prioritized national programs is justly aimed to development of this industry and its derivatives.