NOBEL PRIZE MEDAL

 

Nobel Prizes

2008

 

 

 

RNA

Medicine or Physiology to: Harald zur Hausen (GER), Françoise Barré-Sinoussi (FRA) and Luc Montagnier (FRA), for discoveries of virus linked to disease.

 

 

 

Chemistry

Chemistry to: Osamu Shimomura (USA), Martin Chalfie (USA) and Roger Y. Tsien (USA), for developing tools for revealing the workings of the cell.  

 

 

 

Literature

Literature to: Jean-Marie Gustave Le Clézio (FRA), cross-cultural citizen and writer.

 

 

Satellite

 

Physics to: Yoichiro Nambu (USA), Makoto Kobayashi (JPN) and Toshihide Maskawa (JPN), for discoveries concerning Nature's broken symmetry.

 

 

Economics

 

Prize in Economics to: Paul Krugman (USA), for his analyses of international trade and economic geography.  

 

 

 

Peace

Peace to: Martti Ahtisaari (FIN), for striving for peace, reconciliation and resolution to international conflicts.